(Laboratory Scale on Efficacy Test of Fumigated Wood Against Subterranean Termites (Coptotermes curvignathus) Attack)

Imam Wahyudi*, Istie Sekartining Rahayu, Arinana

ABSTRAK

Kayu-kayu yang telah difumigasi diduga masih memiliki tingkat keawetan yang cukup baik dalam artian masih mampu menahan serangan faktor-faktor perusak. Untuk membuktikannya maka dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan mengevaluasi ketahanan kayu hasil fumigasi khususnya terhadap serangan rayap tanah (C. curvignathus). Penelitian dilakukan secara laboratorium dengan mengikuti standar ASTM D 3345-2008. Jenis kayu yang digunakan adalah sengon (Falcataria moluccana), karet (Hevea brasiliensis), dan mangium (Acacia mangium). Contoh uji berukuran 2,5 × 2,5 × 0,6 cm difumigasi dalam ruangan 2 × 1 × 1 selama 4 hari dengan menggunakan larutan amonia sebanyak 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 liter sebagai fumigan. Contoh uji kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam botol kaca yang berisi pasir steril, lalu ditambahkan 200 ekor rayap kasta pekerja dan 20 ekor kasta prajurit, dan dibiarkan selama 4 minggu. Parameter yang diukur adalah persentase kehilangan bobot dan mortalitas rayap. Secara umum terbukti bahwa kayu hasil fumigasi ternyata masih mampu menahan serangan rayap tanah. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa persentase mortalitas rayap untuk semua perlakuan mencapai 100%, sedangkan persentase kehilangan bobot beragam menurut jenis kayu dan volume larutan amonia yang digunakan.

Kata kunci: amonia, Coptotermes curvignathus, efikasi, fast growing species, fumigasi

ABSTRACT

Fumigated wood was assumed to retain durability level against wood destroying factors. Due to lack of data, fumigated wood durability against wood destroying factors needs to be investigated, especially toward subterranean termites. The aim of this research was to evaluate fumigated wood durability against subterranean termites attack in laboratory scale (ASTM D 3345-2008). Wood samples used were sengon (Falcataria moluccana), rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis), and mangium (Acacia mangium). Samples of 2.5 × 2.5 × 0.6 cm were fumigated inside 2 × 1 × 1 m of fumigation chamber using 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 liters of ammonia solution for 4 days. The samples were then transferred into glass bottle, along with sterile sand and 200 worker and 20 soldier subterranean termites. After 4 weeks, mortality and weight loss percentage were measured. All treatments showed 100% of mortality, while a significant decline in weight loss percentage was varied depends on wood species as well as the volume of ammonia. Therefore, fumigated wood was proven resistant against the attacks of subterranean termites.

Keywords: ammonia, Coptotermes curvignathus, efficacy, fast growing species, fumigation