ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH, MANAJEMEN RESIKO DAN STRATEGI DAYA SAING PADA RANTAI SUPLAI SAYURAN DATARAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
(Added Value Analysis, Risk Management and Competitiveness Strategy of Vegetable Supply Chain in Indonesia)

Alim Setiawan S, Lindawati Kartika, Anggraini Sukmawati, M. Syamsun
Dep. Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen, IPB.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rantai suplai sayuran, menganalisis nilai tambah dari masing-masing pelaku dalam rantai suplai sayuran, dan merumuskan strategi untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dari petani sayuran dalam rantai suplai. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada manajemen risiko operasional sayuran Edamame di anggota rantai suplai. Dari hasil penilaian risiko operasional menunjukkan bahwa risiko proses internal yang tinggi, risiko sumber daya manusia yang tinggi, risiko sistem tinggi, dan risiko yang terjadi karena peristiwa di luar perusahaan yang tinggi. Dengan berdasarkan hasil agregasi keseluruhan, itu telah menunjukan nilai risiko yang tinggi. Analisis strategi daya saing menunjukkan hasil bahwa sumber daya alam dan lingkungan hidup, teknologi, konsumen dan pertumbuhan pembelian, dan kemitraan adalah faktor yang paling mempengaruhi daya saing usaha agribisnis sayuran sedangkan faktor yang kurang memiliki pengaruh adalah strategi pesaing. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh dari segi faktor kekuatan usaha ini adalah kualitas ekspor. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh dari sudut pandang faktor kelemahannya adalah kurangnya inisiatif dan mulai jenuhnya sumberdaya manusia yang ada. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh dari sudut pandang faktor peluang adalah gaya hidup sehat. Unsur paling mempengaruhi dari sudut pandang faktor ancaman adalah hama dan anomali iklim. Dengan demikian, Produksi sesuai dengan prosedur adalah strategi alternatif terbaik untuk meningkatkan daya saing organisasi.

Kata kunci:    Nilai tambah, rantai suplai sayuran, petani, manajemen risiko, strategi daya saing.

ABSTRACT

One of the crucial problems in the vegetable supply chain is the low added-value vegetables produced by farmers. This is shown by the unfair distribution of income and added value obtained by farmers compared with the actors of other Vegetable supply chain. The research aims to: (1) analyze the vegetable supply chain, (2) analyze the added value of each of the actors in the vegetable supply chain, and (3) formulate a strategy to enhance added value of vegetables farmers in the supply chain. Results of analysis show that the percentage of added value at farmers is smaller than the other actors. Added value products at farmers between 5.46%–24.92%, while the processor between                        6.51%–64.85%, and retail between 31.33%–68.57%. Due to operational risk and PT Saung Mirwan have a higher priority value than the members of each level or hierarchy, then the focus of reserarch is operational risk management of vegetables Edamame in supply chain members who have the highest priority, namely PT Saung Mirwan. Operational risk is the risk caused by five factors: factors internal processes, human factors, system factors, risks due to events occurring outside the company, and factors that occur due to violations of the law. This research only focus on the 4 (four) factor of the operational risk because there are not violations of law during the course of business. At the operational risk assessment results show that the risk of internal processes is high, risk of human resources is high, risk of systems is high, and the risks that occur due to events beyond the company is high. By based on the results of the overall aggregation, it had been obtained the value of risks is high. The analysis of competitiveness strategy showing result that natural resources and environment, technology, consumers and buying growth, and partnership are the most impact of agribusiness of vegetables competitiveness and the least impact is competitor’s strategy. The most influence element of strengths factor alternately is quality export. The most influence element of weaknesses factor alternately are the lack initiative of human capital and has begun to saturate. The most influence element of opportunities factor alternately is healthy lifestyle. The most influence element of threats factor are pest and climate anomaly. Production according to procedures is the best alternative strategy to increase company’s competitiveness.

Keywords:    Value added, vegetable supply chain, farmers, risk management, competitiveness strategy.

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