PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI AKUSTIK BAWAH AIR DALAM EKSPLORASI DAN KUANTIFIKASI STOK IKAN UNTUK PEMANFAATAN SUMBERDAYA PANGAN KELAUTAN
      (Development of Underwater Acoustic Technology by Exploration and Fish Stock Quantification for Marine Food Resources Utilization)
                                   
Henry M. Manik
Dep. Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB

ABSTRAK

Sifat refleksi dan hamburan gelombang akustik bawah air (underwater acoustic wave) telah banyak dipelajari untuk mendeteksi dan mengkuantifikasi ikan. Penelitian ini  menguraikan pengukuran  transmisi dan refleksi akustik menggunakan underwater transducer dengan frekuensi 200 kHz di water tank Laboratorium Akustik dan Instrumentasi Kelautan Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan FPIK-IPB.  Performansi dari sistem pemancaran dan penerimaan akustik dievaluasi dan jarak deteksi sensor dikuantifikasi untuk mengkonfirmasi keefektifannya. 

Kata kunci : Refleksi, hamburan akustik, ikan, water tank,  pemrosesan sinyal akustik.

ABSTRACT

Reflection and scattering of underwater acoustic wave had been studied for fish detection and quantification. This research examined the measurement of acoustic transmission and reflection using underwater transducer of 200 kHz frequency in the water tank of Ocean Acoustic and Instrumentation Laboratory Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Bogor Agricultural University.  The performance of the underwater acoustic system was evaluated and its detection range was quantified to confirm its effectiveness. The beam width is 5.8o and the maximum detection range is estimated as 440 m when the target strength on an object anaimal is – 40 dB.

Keywords : Reflection, scattering, fish, water tank, acoustic signal processing.

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