KEMAMPUAN Streptomyces spp. DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN MIKROB PATOGEN TULAR TANAH: ENGARUH MEDIA DAN WAKTU PERTUMBUHAN
(Capability of Streptomyces Spp in Inhibiting Soil Borne Microbial Pathogens: the Influence of Growth Media and Incubation Times)

Yulin Lestari1), Yundatul Ulya1), Rasti Saraswati2)
1) Dep. Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam IPB
2)  Balai Penelitian Tanah, Litbang Pertanian Bogor

ABSTRAK

Streptomyces spp. berpotensi digunakan sebagai agen pengendali hayati melalui kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan beragam senyawa antimikrob.  Produksi senyawa antimikrob dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor eksternal seperti nutrisi media dan waktu inkubasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kemampuan Streptomyces spp. dalam menghambat mikrob patogen tular tanah yang dipengaruhi media pertumbuhan dan waktu inkubasi.  Digunakan dua macam media: ISP 4 dan media modifikasi molase-kedelai, waktu inkubasi (5, 10, dan 15 hari).  LSW05, LBR02, dan PS4-16 menghasilkan senyawa antimikrob dengan baik pada media molase-kedelai dibandingkan ISP4. Aktivitas senyawa antimikrob tertinggi diperoleh setelah inkubasi 15 hari pada suhu ruang.  Ketiga isolat uji mampu menghambat bakteri patogen (Xanthomonas oryzae) dan cendawan  patogen (Fusarium oxysporum).  Kemampuan Streptomyces spp. menghasilkan senyawa antimikrob dipengaruhi oleh kondisi pertumbuhan.

Streptomyces spp. has the potency to be used as an agent of biological control through their capability to produce various anti microbial compounds. The production of anti microbial compounds can be influenced by nutrition of culture media and incubation times. This research aimed to study the capability of Streptomyces spp. in inhibiting soil borne microbial pathogen influenced by growth media and incubation times. Two tested media i.e: ISP4 and modified molasses-soy bean meal media; and 5, 10, and 15 days of incubation times. Three local isolates of Streptomyces namely LSW05, LBR02 and PS4-16 grew better and produced more anti microbial activity when they grown using modified molasses-soy bean meal media compared with that using ISP4. The highest anti microbial activity was obtained at 15 days incubation at room temperature. The three selected Streptomyces isolates was able to inhibit bacterial pathogen (Xanthomonas oryzae) and fungal pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum). Three local isolates of Streptomyces spp. produce antimicrobial compounds, and its production can be stimulated by giving suitable environmental growth conditions.