(A Strategy of Organic Vegetable Production With a Farmer-Based Premium Price)

Musa Hubeis*, Mukhamad Najib, Hardiana Widyastuti, Nur Hadi Wijaya

ABSTRAK

Ketahanan pangan merupakan suatu sistem yang terdiri atas subsistem ketersediaan, distribusi, dan konsumsi. Subsistem ketersediaan pangan berfungsi menjamin pasokan pangan, baik dari segi kuantitas, mutu (sertifikasi), keragaman, dan keamanannya. Permasalahan utama dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan komoditas organik ialah kuantitas dan mutu pangan organik, khususnya sayuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan ciri produk sayuran organik, mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang terkait dengan produksi produk sayuran organik, serta menyusun strategi produksi produk sayuran organik bernilai tambah tinggi (tersertifikasi) berbasis petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengambil sampel secara sengaja dan menggunakan alat analisis berupa matriks, internal factor evaluation, external factor evaluation, internal external, dan focus group discussion, sebagai dasar analisis kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman (SWOT) yang ditindaklanjuti dalam bentuk matriks perencanaan strategis kuantitatif (QSP) untuk mendapatkan alternatif strategi prioritas dalam pengembangan produksi pangan organik bernilai tambah tinggi di 3 wilayah yang mewakili Provinsi Jawa Barat, yaitu Megamendung-Bogor, Pengalengan-Bandung, dan Garut. Berdasarkan analisis strategi dengan pendekatan SWOT yang dituntaskan dengan matriks QSP ditemui 23 alternatif strategi yang sesuai untuk pengembangan sayuran organik di ketiga wilayah tersebut yang disederhanakan atas tema utama pasar, produksi sayuran organik, dan sumber daya manusia.

Kata kunci: harga premium, pangan, petani, produksi sayuran organik, strategi

ABSTRACT

Food security is a system consists of availability, distribution, and consumption subsystems. Food availability subsystem functions in guaranting food supply, in terms of quantity, quality (certification), variability, and safety. The main problem in materializing security of organic food commodities are quantity and quality of organic food, particularly vegetables. In other words, the organic vegetable can affect farmer’s economic situation in different way depending on the adopted particular technolog. Therefore, the objectives of this study are (1) to describe the characteristics of organic vegetable products, (2) to identify internal and external factors related to the production of organic vegetables with a farmer-based high added value, and (3) to formulate a strategy of the production of organic vegetables with a farmer-based high added value (certified). Data were collected by purposive sampling and analyzed using matrix analysis tools of internal factor evaluation, external factor evaluation, internal external, and focus group discussion, as the basis for analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT), followed by quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) to obtain the main alternative strategy for the development of organic vegetable with premium price. The study was carried out in Garut, West Java. This study confirmed 3 main strategic issues for the development of organic vegetables in the region, that is, market, organic vegetable production, and human resource.

Keywords: farmers, food, organic vegetables production, premium price, strategy